What is Transformation of Sentence?
What is Transformation of Sentence in English Grammar?
Ans:
Transformation of sentences means that a sentence should be transformed or should
be modified into an-another sentence without changing their original meaning. The
type of the sentence may be changed but the meaning should be same even after
being changed the sentence type. In Transformation of Sentences, sentences
should be changed as directed but never and ever the meaning should be changed.
The surface of the sentence is changed but the internal meaning is always same.
Which sentence can be transformed without changing meaning?
Ans: The following sentences can be transformed without changing their
meaning. These are-
1. Simple ⇆ Complex ⇆ Compound
2. Degree
3. Affirmative ⇆ Negative
4. Interrogative ⇆ Assertive
5. Exclamatory ⇆ Assertive
6. Voice Change
7. Narration
What is the process of transforming Simple ⇆
Complex ⇆ Compound?
Ans: Before proceeding, we have to understand about clause and phrase to
understand the rules of simple, complex and compound. It is very much necessary
to know about clause and phrase. The main difference between clause and a
phrase is that, there will be a verb in a clause, but there will be no verb in a phrase.
Phrase: Phrase is a group of words which express a particular idea and does not
contain verb as well as subject. A phrase never forms a full sentence with a
complete meaning.
Example: Going to
the varsity,
For his hard work,
Having done the work,
In spite of being poor,
On seeing the police,
Doing the work,
In the above examples, “Going, Having, Being, Seeing, Doing”
are all gerund but not verbs. In the above examples, we have seen that, not a
single example carries a full meaning of sentence. It seems that every example
has a result. We have not found any verb or any subject in the above examples
because they are all phrase.
Clause: Clause is a group of words which express a particular idea and contains verbs.
Example: She will do
her classes.
He has been rewarded.
Though he is happy,
After he had finished the work.
The above examples are clauses because they contain
verbs as well as subjects. Clauses have been divided into two parts. One is
called independent clause, and another is called dependent clause.
The independent clause is also called the principle clause and the
dependent clause is also called the subordinate clause.
Independent clause or the principle clause: An independent clause is also a group of words with
having a subject as well as verbs. It means that an independent clause contains
a subject and a verb and expresses a fully meaningful sentence.
Example: She will do
her classes.
He has been rewarded.
He is happy,
He ran away,
She has gone home.
The above examples have a subject and a verb and
therefore expresses a fully meaningful sentence.
Dependent clause or subordinate clause: A dependent clause is
also a group of words with having a subject as well as verbs. Though a dependent
clause, contains subject as well as verbs, but it does not express a fully
meaningful sentence. To complete a meaningful sentence, it is fully dependent
on independent or principal clause
Example: When I will
go there,
So that he could get good marks,
Though he was ill,
Because he is innocence
Although the above examples are carrying a verb as
well as a subject. But they do not express a fully meaningful sentence.
What is the main difference between Phrase, Independent Clause and a
Dependent Clause?
Ans: A phrase is a group of words, but does not contain a verb as well as a
subject, and does not express a fully meaningful sentence. An independent
clause is also a group of words, but contains a verb as well as a subject and
expresses a fully meaningful sentence. On the other hand, a dependent clause is
also a group of words which contains a subject, a verb, but does not express a
fully meaningful sentence.
Simple to Complex:
To transform a simple sentence into a complex one, we
need some connectors. These are- When, where, which, who, whom, why, what,
before, after, till, until, that, as, because, since, if, unless, as if, as
though, even though, as soon as, so that, etc.
| Simple | Complex |
|---|---|
| Because of / due to | Because / as / since |
| At the time of | When |
| Instead of / in spite of / despite of. | Though / Although |
| Without + Verb + ing | If / unless |
| Too.....to | So....that (cannot could not) |
| Time indicates | When |
| Place indicates | Where |
| Person indicates | Who |
| Buy + Verb + ing | If / unless |
Examples:
Simple: I will tell you his birthplace.
Complex: I will tell you where he was born.
Simple: No one knows his name.
Complex: No one knows what his name is.
Simple: She informed me of her illness.
Complex: She informed me that she was ill.
Simple: He told me the time of his departure.
Complex: He told me the time when he had departed.
Simple: He is a man of great knowledge.
Complex: He is a man who has great knowledge.
Simple: I get up at sunrise.
Complex: I get up when the sun rises.
Simple: I was glad to see him.
Complex: I was glad when I saw you.
Simple: Without working hard, you can’t be successful.
Complex: Unless you work hard, you can’t be successful.
Simple: He’s too big to stand.
Complex: He’s so big that he cannot stand.
Simple to Compound:
To transform from a simple sentence to a complex one,
we need some conventions. They are- FANBOYS= For, and, nor, but, or, yet, and
so.
| Simple | Compound |
|---|---|
| Besides being | Not only but also |
| In spite of, instead of, despite of | But |
| Must | Or / otherwise |
| for | So / therefore |
| to | And |
| Ifunless | Or/otherwise |
| Either | or |
Note: If the simple sentence is stating a person is doing two things, one after anger, who will make compound by using "And" conjunction.
Examples:
Simple: Coming home, he had lunch.
Compound: He came home and had lunch.
Simple: Going to the office. I will write the report.
Compound: I will go to the office and write the report.
Simple: Going to the varsity, I will do the class.
Compound: I will go to the varsity and do the class.
Simple: Besides being a brilliant student, she is also a good singer.
Compound: She is not only a pretty student, but also a good
singer.
Simple: In spite of his illness, he sat for the exam.
Compound: He was in, but sat for the exam.
Simple: Seeing a dog, she ran away.
Compound: She saw a dog and he ran away.
Simple: He must work hard to pass.
Complex to Compound:
| Complex | Compound |
|---|---|
| Even thoug | Not only but also |
| Though/Although | But |
| If/Unless | Or / otherwise |
| Because/As/Since | So / therefore |
| So that (Can/could) | And |
| If/unless | Or/otherwise |
| Either | or |
Examples:
Compound: He must workout otherwise you will learn.
Complex: The fog disappeared when the sun rose.
Compound: The sun rose and the fog disappeared.
Complex: Although he worked hard, but he did not succeed.
Compound: He worked hard, but he did not succeed.
Complex: If she does not work hard, she will not pass the exam.
Compound: She must work hard or she will not pass the exam.
Complex: He was absent because he was ill.
Compound: He was ill, so he was absent.
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